Rail fastening



1932- a. P. ANDREIANOV 6,

RAIL FASTENING Filed 0012 20, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR B02: lsPAndz-Q z @220 a;

BY 7 A y 54 ATTORNEYS.

Nov. 1, 1932. B. P. ANDREIANOV 1,836,265

RAIL FASTENING Filed Oct. 20, 1951 S Sheets-Sheet '2 6 4 V L2 0 z 3 3 9 70 21 I I LIE- ..fiL 7] 20 Patented Nov. 1, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BORIS IPAVLOVIGH ANDREIANOV, OF MOSCOW, UNION OF $OGIALIS'1 SOVIET B-EPUBLICS RAIL FASTENING Application filed October 20, 1931, Serial No. 570,023; and in the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics June 16, 1930.

This invention relates to an improved rail fastening device and one object of the invention is to provide a device of this character which will serve very effectively as a rail chair or plate in order to protect a tie and also serve to firmly secure a rail in place and prevent it from creeping longitudinally or moving transversely out of its proper position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of this character wherein atie plate forming part of the same may be firmly secured upon a tie and a rail secured in place upon the plate or released therefrom without removing fasteners for the plate.

Another object of the invention is to so construct andmount rail engaging clamps that they may yield to a certain extent when subjected to strains as a train passes along a track without danger of a 'rail bein released or of the clamps and securing olts thereof being broken or bent out of shape.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of this character which is very strong and may be very easily assembled or taken apart.

The invention isillustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a view showing \a rail in cross section and held in place upon a tie by fastening means of the improved construction, the tie and rail fastening means being shown in elevation. 1 Figure 2 is a top plan view of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2. V Figure 4: is a section taken along the line 4-4. of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a top plan view of the tie plate forming part of the improved rail fastener.

Figure 6 is a side elevation of a rail engaging clamp.

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the clamp.

Figure 8 is a view looking at the outer end of the clamp.

Figure 9 is a view looking at the outer end of a slightly modified form of clamp. a

Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a plate having a modified construction.

- conventional shape and size and when set in place is supported by a suitable number of ties 2. A plate 3 is placed upon each tie'to protect the tie and form a chair for the rail and this plate has its end portions 4 reduced in thickness and formed with openings 5 to receive spikes or other suitable fasteners 6 by means of which the plate is secured upon the tie. Adjacent its reduced ends the plate is formed with upstanding shoulders 7 having transversely arcuate upper surfaces and along the inner margins of the shoulders extend ribs 8. An opening 9 is formed through each shoulder in bisecting relation to its rib and beneath the openings the plate is recessed from its under face to form seats 10 which are hemispherical in shape and of a diameter I corresponding to the longest dimension of the openings 9. It should be noted that the longest dimension of these openings extends longitudinally of the shoulders 7 and that their inner side edges are flush with the inner edges of the shoulders as shown in Figure 5. The rail rests upon the plate between the shoulders and is held against shifting transversely since side edges of its base bear against the shoulders.

In order to hold the rail in place upon the plate there has been pro 'ded clamps 11 which are formed of strong mZ tal and have depending flanges 12 and 13 at their inner and outer ends. The inner flanges rest upon the rail base near side edges thereof and the outer flanges rest upon the reduced ends of the lower faces of the outer flanges may be flat transversely they are either arcuate longitudinally as shown at 14v in Figure 8 or formed with end portions 15 extending at an upward incline from an intermediate portion 16 so that the clamps may have rocking motion longitudinally of the rails. Instead'of having the lower edge of the outer flange flat transversely it may be arcuate as shown at '17 in Figure in which case the tie plate will have its upper face formed with grooves 18 extending longitudinally of the shoulders 7 along the outer side edges thereof. By this arrangement the clamps may have rocking movement and transversely of a rail as well as longitudinally thereof and also they will be prevented from accidentally slipping out of their proper positions upon the tie plate.

The clamps are held in place by bolts 19 which extend vertically through the slots 9 in the plate and openings 20 formed in the clamps. The heads 21 at the lower ends of the bolts have curved upper faces so that they will fit flat against walls of the recesses 10 and they are oblong in shape as shown in Figure 2 and of suchvdimensions that they may be passed through the openings 9 when disposed longitudinally thereof. Therefore,

. the head can be passed downwardly through the openingin the tie plate and the bolt then turned to dispose the head transversely of the openings and prevent the bolt from being drawn out of the opening when a clamp is fitted upon the bolt and a nut 22 applied and tightened. The shank of each bolt 19 is square in cross section from its head to the threaded free end of the shank and since the openings formed in the clamps are also square the bolts will be prevented from turning after the clamps are in place and the nuts can be tightened easily.

Instead of using fasteners 6 to secure the tie plate upon a tie, fasteners such as shown in face of the tie.

Figures 11 and 13 may be used to secure both the plate and clamps. The fasteners shown in Figure 11 each consists of astem 23 which is passed through the tie and has threaded end portions 24 and 25 to receive a nut 26 and base or head 27. The head is engaged in a recess 28 formed in the under face of the tie and when the nut 26 is tightened the'fastener will be firmly held in place. Since the portion 29 of the stem is square in cross section and engages through the square opening formed in the clamp the stem will be prevented from turning when the nut is tightened. The bolt 30 shown, in Figure 13 is of s'uflicient length to extend through the tie and clamp. This bolt is square in cross section except its threaded upper end and has a head 31 at its lower end to engage the under A nut 32 is threaded upon the upper end of the bolt and alocking washer 33 may be used to prevent the nut from working loose. v Whenthe fasteners shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13 are used the tieplate need only, project from the shoulders 7 a suflicient distance to permit the outer flanges of the clamps to rest upon the end portions of the plate.

From the foregoing description of my invention, the method of constructing same and its application to use will be readily understood and it will be seen that I have provided a simple, comparatively inexpensive and most etficient means for carrying out the numerous objects of the invention.

IVhile I have particularly described the elements best adapted to perform the functions set forth, it is obvious that various changes in form, proportion and in the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the principles of the invention.

Having thus described the invention what claimed is:

1. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed in spaced relation to its .ends with shoulders projecting upwardly and defining a rail seat between the shoulders, openings being formed through the shoulders intermediate their ends and communicating with recesses formed in the under face of the plate, clamps extending across said shoulders and having inner and outer flanges to bear against a rail base and end portions of the plate, and fasteners passed through the clamps and openings in the shoulders and having heads at their lower ends seated in said recesses and movable therein whereby the clamps may have rocking motion upon the plate without slipping out of engagement with a rail.

2. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed in spaced relation to its ends with shoulders projecting upwardly and defining'a rail seat between the shoulders, openings being formed through the shoulders intermediate their ends and communicating with recesses formed in the under face of the plate, clamps extending across said shoulders and having inner and outer flanges to bear against a rail base and end portions of the plate, and fasteners passed through the clamps and openings in the shoulders and having heads at their lower ends seated in said recesses, the outer flanges having their lower edges curved longitudinally whereby the clamps may rock longitushoulders and having heads at their lower" ends seated in said recesses, and ribs extending longitudinally upon said shoulders and separate from the plate and disposed in straddling relation to the shoulders and having depending flanges attheir inner and outer ends to bear against a rail base and end portions of the plate, and fasteners passed through the'clamps and openings in the plate and having heads at their lower-ends seated in said recesses and extending transversely of the openings in bridging relation thereto.

5. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed in spaced relation to its ends with upstanding linear shoulders, openings being formed through the shoulders, intermediate the ends thereof and opening into recesses formed in the under face of the plate, the openings being elongated longitudinally of the shoulders and the recesses being each a portion of a sphere and of a diameter corresponding to the longest dimension of the opening, clamps formed separate from the plate and disposed in straddling relation to the shoulders and-having depending flanges at their inner and outer ends to bear against a rail base and end portions of the plate, and fasteners passed through the clamps and open-.

ings in the plate and having heads at their lower ends seated in said recesses and extending transversely of the openings in bridging relation thereto, the upper faces of the heads conforming to the contour of the walls of the seats and the clamps having the lower edges of the outer flanges curved longitudinally and transversely whereby the clamp may have rocking movements.

6. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed with shoulders spaced from its ends and defining a rail seat and having elongated openings formed through the shoulders, clamps extending transversely of said shoulders in straddling relatio'nthereto and formed .with openings disposed above the openings in the plate, bolts passed vertically through the openings in the plate and clamps and held against rotation by the clamps, and securing nuts upon the upper ends of said bolts.

, 7. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed withshoulders spaced from its ends and defining arail seat and having elongated openings formed through the shoulders, clamps extending transversely of said shoulders --in straddling relation thereto and formed with openings disposed above the openings in the plate, bolts passed vertically through the openings in the plate and clamps and hav-" ing heads at their lower ends disposed transversely of the openings in the plate to pre vent. upward movement of the bolts, the openings in the clamps being non-circular andtheportions of the bolts engaged therein being similarly shaped to prevent rotation of the bolts, and securing nuts threaded upon the upper ends of the bolts and engaging the upper faces of the clamps. i

8. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed with shoulders spaced from its ends and defining a rail seat and having elongated openings formed through the shoulders, clamps extending transversely of saidshoulders in straddling relation thereto and formed with openings disposed above the openings in the plate, bolts passed vertically through the openings in the plate and clamps and held against rotation by the clamps, the clamps having rail base engaging flanges at their.

inner ends and plate engaging flanges at their outer ends, the-outer flanges having their 1 under faces curved longitudinally to permit the clamps torock longitudinally of a rail, and securing nuts threaded upon the upper ends of the bolts and engaging the upper faces of the clamps.

9. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed with shoulders spaced from its ends and defining -a rail seat and having elongated openings formed through the shoulders, clamps ex- ,tending transversely of said shoulders in straddling relation thereto and formed with openings disposed above the openings in the plate, bolts passed vertically through, the

openings in the late and clamps and held.

against rotation y the clamps, the clamps having rail base engaging flanges at their inner ends and plate engaging flan es at their outer ends, said plate being ormed with grooves forming seats for the outer flanges and" the outer flanges having their lower edges arcuate longitudinally and trans' versely whereby the clamps may rock when subjected to pressure by a car passing along.

a track, and nuts threaded upon the upper ends of said bolts and engagmg the upper faces of the clamps,

10. In a rail holder, a tie plat-e formed with shoulders spaced from its ends and defining a rail seat and having elongated openings formed through the shoulders, clamps extending transversely of said shoulders 1n straddling relation thereto and formed with openings disposed above the openings in the plate, bolts passed verticallythrough the openings in the plate and clamps and held against rotation by the clamps, the bolts being of sufficient length to pass through a tie and having heads at their lower ends, and nuts threaded upon the upper ends of said bolts to retain the clamps in place.

' 11. In a rail holder, a tie plate formed with shoulders spaced from its ends and defining a rail seat and having elongated openings formed through the shoulders, clamps extending transversely of said shoulders in straddling relation thereto and formed with openings disposed above the openings in the plate, bolts passed vertically through the openings in the plate and clamps and held against rotation by the clamps, the bolts being of sufiicient length to pass through a tie and having threaded upper and lower ends, heads threaded upon the lower ends of the bolts and tapered upwardly and formed with marginal flanges at their lower ends, and nuts threaded upon the upper ends of the bolts to retain the clamps in place.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

BORlS PAVLOVICH ANDREIANOV. 

